Umlando wezikhwama zepulasitiki kusukela ekuzalweni kuze kube sekuvinjelweni
Ngawo-1970, izikhwama zokuthenga zepulasitiki zaziseyinto entsha engavamile, futhi manje seziwumkhiqizo otholakala emhlabeni wonke okhiqiza i-trillion eyodwa minyaka yonke. Izinyathelo zazo zitholakala emhlabeni wonke, okuhlanganisa ingxenye ejulile yolwandle, intaba ephakeme kakhulu yeNtaba i-Everest kanye neqhwa elisezindaweni ezibandayo. Amapulasitiki adinga amakhulu eminyaka ukuze abole. Aqukethe izithasiselo ezingamunca izinsimbi ezisindayo, ama-antibiotic, izibulala-zinambuzane nezinye izinto ezinobuthi. Izikhwama zepulasitiki zibeka izinselele ezinkulu emvelweni.
Zenziwa kanjani izikhwama zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo? Zivinjelwa kanjani?Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu?
Ngo-1933, isitshalo samakhemikhali eNorthwich, eNgilandi sakha ngephutha ipulasitiki-i-polyethylene esetshenziswa kakhulu. Nakuba i-polyethylene yakhiqizwa ngezinga elincane ngaphambili, kwakuyisikhathi sokuqala ukuthi kwenziwe into ehlanganisiwe esebenza kahle embonini, futhi yasetshenziswa ngasese yibutho laseBrithani ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe II.
1965-Isikhwama sokuthenga se-polyethylene esihlanganisiwe sanikezwa ilungelo lobunikazi yinkampani yaseSweden iCelloplast. Lesi sikhwama sepulasitiki esaklanywa unjiniyela uSten Gustaf Thulin sathatha indawo yezikhwama zendwangu nephepha eYurophu ngokushesha.
1979 - Njengoba sezivele zilawula u-80% wemakethe yezikhwama eYurophu, izikhwama zepulasitiki ziya kwamanye amazwe futhi zethulwa kabanzi e-United States. Izinkampani zepulasitiki ziqala ukumaketha ngokuzimisela umkhiqizo wazo njengongcono kunezikhwama zephepha nezingasetshenziswa kabusha.
1982 - I-Safeway ne-Kroger, ezimbili zezitolo ezinkulu e-United States, zishintshela ezikhwameni zepulasitiki. Izitolo eziningi zilandela okufanayo futhi ekupheleni kweminyaka eyishumi izikhwama zepulasitiki zizobe sezicishe zithathe indawo yephepha emhlabeni jikelele.
1997 - Umatilosi nomcwaningi uCharles Moore bathola iGreat Pacific Garbage Patch, indawo enkulu kunazo zonke olwandle emhlabeni lapho kuqongelelwe khona imfucuza yepulasitiki eningi, okusongela impilo yasolwandle. Izikhwama zepulasitiki zidume ngokubulala izimfudu zasolwandle, ezicabanga ngephutha ukuthi ziyi-jellyfish bese zizidla.
2002-IBangladesh iyizwe lokuqala emhlabeni ukusebenzisa umthetho wokuvinjelwa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki ezincane, ngemuva kokutholakala ukuthi zidlale indima ebalulekile ekuvaleni izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi ngesikhathi sezikhukhula eziyingozi. Amanye amazwe aqala ukulandela okufanayo.2011-Umhlaba usebenzisa izikhwama zepulasitiki eziyisigidi njalo ngomzuzu.
2017 - IKenya iqalise "ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" okuqine kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, amazwe angaphezu kuka-20 emhlabeni wonke aqalise "imiyalelo yokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" noma "imiyalelo yokuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" ukulawula ukusetshenziswa kwezikhwama zepulasitiki.
2018 - "Isinqumo Esisheshayo Sempi Yepulasitiki" sakhethwa njengesihloko soSuku Lomhlaba Lwezemvelo, kulo nyaka sasingathwa yiNdiya. Izinkampani nohulumeni emhlabeni wonke baveze ukwesekwa kwabo, futhi baveze ngokulandelana ukuzimisela kwabo nokuzibophezela kwabo ekuxazululeni inkinga yokungcoliswa kwepulasitiki okusetshenziswa kanye.
2020- "Ukuvinjelwa kwepulasitiki" emhlabeni wonke kusezahlukweni.
Thanda impilo futhi uvikele imvelo. Ukuvikelwa kwemvelo kuhlobene kakhulu nokuphila kwethu futhi kusenza sibe yisisekelo sezinye izinto. Kufanele siqale ngezinto ezincane bese siqala eceleni, futhi sifinyelele umkhuba omuhle wokusebenzisa okuncane ngangokunokwenzeka noma singalahli izikhwama zepulasitiki ngemva kokusebenzisa ukuvikela amakhaya ethu!
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-20-2022